The brass may have the same dimensions but does it have the same strength? Will it continue to have the same dimensions as magnum brass or will that change? You might get away with it you might not but for $20 per hundred you want to take the chance? Seems dumb to me!With all this discussion about 38 loaded to 357 levels I figured I would bring some pictures to the party.
From left to right.
38 Special. Winchester +P headstamp
38 Special. Winchester headstamp
357 Mag. Federal headstamp
357 Mag. GFL/Fiocchi headstamp
All case heads mic within .005 of each other.
The regular old Winchester 38 Special case had the thickest case web walls and the +P had the thinnest.
I am going out on a limb and say that the brass strength isnt the limiting factor here. Granted there is a ton of other flavors of brass out there and this is a really small sample.
Back in another life, your brass headstamp had to read 357 Magnum if you wanted to push heavy bullets to a certain velocity/power factor. But, moonclipped 357 cases are long and dont drop into a cylinder as easily and as fast as 38 Special cases do. Most of us just chopped off 357 brass at 38 Special length, added some slow burning powder and a 158-180 gn bullet. Most everyone was using a 8 shot S&W N Frame. No, it didnt make it right, but I can still count to ten on my hands. I have shot some of that old ammo out of a S&W 686 (L Frame) and the cylinder and top strap didnt let go.
I have shot lots of 38 Special ammo out of a 357 Maximum TC Contender. I just scrubbed the chamber before sticking 357 Max ammo in there.