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The MIGHTY Power of a Primer Change

Ledd Slinger

Silver $$ Contributor
There are always so many threads about
"what powder to use with such and such cartridge" or "what bullets is best for this and that"

Although there seems to be some certain powders that do actually work quite well with certain rounds, I have always told folks to try as many powders and bullets as they can that will fit the rifle's application. This ensures the best accuracy is not accidentally overlooked.

It is well known to most folks that a primer change in a load can have a massive effect on accuracy as well and I have witnessed this many times personally in the past. But to be brutally honest with myself, I have always had a strong bias towards ONLY using Federal primers in my rifles. I have always carried many different primer brands on the shelf for testing just in case I couldnt find a load using Federal, but didnt use them extensively because Federal always worked out in the end.

Well I decided to start doing initial load testing a little different this time with my new 300 NMI hunting rifle. Just to put a spin on things if nothing else.
I loaded all the starting recipes like i normally would using Federal GM215M primers, but then I loaded another set of rounds with the same exact recipe save for changing the primer to a Remington 9 1/2 Magnum. The results were astonishing...

These are only 100 yard groups and only a couple I've tried so far, but the difference is night and day.
In the first photo, I probably would have completely dismissed playing with the 90gr charge of RL33 had I only tried the GM215M primer, but look what happened when all i did different was use a Rem 9 1/2M in the same recipe. The accuracy changed from about a 1.5+" group to a sub 1/4" group.

20190916_134918.jpg

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I then fired another 3 shot confirmation group at a different target using the same recipe with the Rem 9 1/2M to ensure the first group wasnt a fluke. I think this group was even smaller.

20190916_114135.jpg



The next test was using the same two primers in a load using an identical charge of N570. In this instance, the GM215M performed better. The difference wasnt as drastic, but most definitely noticeable on the paper.

20190916_143948.jpg

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I suppose the point of the topic is to recommend people pay as much attention to testing different primers in a load as they would any other component. As this test confirmed (along with my other past experiences), a primer change can have a massive effect on how a rifle shoots. The primer changes shown above took bad groups and gave them acceptable accuracy. So where I normally may have moved on to the next load due to poor accuracy, the differences made me stop and think, "wait a second, I DO have something to really work with using this powder".
 
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Did this shift a node to a different charge weight or erase it all together?

Very interesting.

Maybe the node didn't change at all but maybe became more uniform...

But you could be right. A different primer could of shifted the velocities as much as 30 fps. but just as likely the velocity didn't change at all.
 
By chance did you chrono any of the above tests? I would be interesting to know if there was velocity differences. Or perhaps a major change in sd/es due to change how the slow powder ignited.
 
I think a load is sought out that all components work well together. Your experience on how you get to an acceptable load normally leads you down a path. Other components and combinations will work and can be found, the question is do you now want to multiply your number of loads by available primers that match criteria. It just depends if your trying for the smallest group possible and have the money time and barrel life to support that amount of testing.
 
Did this shift a node to a different charge weight or erase it all together?

Very interesting.

Havent found nodes for this rifle yet. This was just infancy testing. These were the first couple loads I tried in the rifle. I also tried IMR 8133, but both primer options produced bad groups.

I dont list speeds with new brass and brand new barrel because with formed brass and another 50-60 rounds down the tube, it can all change. However, I did chrono the loads, but only to watch out for inconsistencies, pressures, and anomalies between the different primers.
The speeds of all 3 powders, IMR 8133, N570, and RL33 chronoed in the 3015 to 3080 fps range with the 215gr Berger so all very similar speeds. These loads were chosen from work done with another 300 NMI rifle I have so I had an idea of what to expect for speed and pressure.
None of the loads were near max pressure. No real measureable difference in speeds between each individual load with different primers.

I will continue testing in the same fashion using the different primers as I increase charge weights for speed. I also have CCI 250 primers but have not introduced them into the equation yet.

All loads will be tested at 500 yards from here on out since I now have about 40 fireformed cases on the chamber. That will give me a much better idea of what's going to work and what won't.

Will eventually narrow down a speed node and start tuning seating depth.
 
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Havent found nodes for this rifle yet. This was just infancy testing. These were the first couple loads I tried in the rifle. I also tried IMR 8133, but both primer options produced bad groups.

I dont list speeds with new brass and brand new barrel because with formed brass and another 50-60 rounds down the tube, it can all change. However, I did chrono the loads, but only to watch out for inconsistencies, pressures, and anomalies between the different primers.
The speeds of all 3 powders, IMR 8133, N570, and RL33 chronoed in the 3015 to 3080 fps range with the 215gr Berger so all very similar speeds. These loads were chosen from work done with another 300 NMI rifle I have so I had an idea of what to expect for speed and pressure.
None of the loads were near max pressure. No real measureable difference in speeds between each individual load with different primers.

I will continue testing in the same fashion using the different primers as I increase charge weights for speed. I also have CCI 250 primers but have not introduced them into the equation yet.

All loads will be tested at 500 yards from here on out since I now have about 40 fireformed cases on the chamber. That will give me a much better idea of what's going to work and what won't.

Will eventually narrow down a speed node and start tuning seating depth.
Very interesting thank for sharing.
 
I think a load is sought out that all components work well together. Your experience on how you get to an acceptable load normally leads you down a path. Other components and combinations will work and can be found, the question is do you now want to multiply your number of loads by available primers that match criteria. It just depends if your trying for the smallest group possible and have the money time and barrel life to support that amount of testing.

Fair enough, but isn't that the whole point of building custom rifles and handloading ammunition? If we dont want the smallest groups possible then we might as well just shoot whatever factory ammo is handy on the store shelf.

Is a sub 1/4 MOA rifle needed for hunting? No, I dont necessarily think so, but I do like having a rifle that is built exactly to my personal tastes and specifications. So if I'm going to spend that kind of money, I would hope the rifle shoots better than an average factory rifle and I will do whatever I can to get it there.

Would it be possible to end up sending more rounds down range than normal when using this unorthodox load testing method? Maybe, but I figured I need to get about 100 rounds through it to fully break it in anyhow. The way I see it, I saved a LOT of wasted time and ammo with this method. Rather than messing around with different powders and seating depths trying to tune bad groups in with primer the rifle doesnt really like with a particular powder, I found two powder/primer combos that show a lot of promise right off the bat. I might have tested 5 or more different charge weights with RL33 hoping to find a starting point with RL33. Instead, I found the starting point with nothing more than a simple primer change. Same with N570. AND I only tested 3 powders during the first trip to the range. 2 out of 3 showing good accuracy potential ain't bad ;)
 
The primer swap idea was not a random gambling idea I made up. I decided to try it from past experiences. As mentioned before, I have seen just as dramatic changes in accuracy with past rifles. I have done it many times in the past, the difference is that I usually change primers as a last resort when having trouble finding accuracy. This time I decided for the primers to be the FIRST thing I changed.

Of course on the flip side, I have also seen where the difference in accuracy was negligible with primer swaps. As was the case with IMR 8133 that I tested in this rifle the same way.

Changing lot numbers of primers can change accuracy a little bit, but I have never seen changes that were very significant. Been shooting thousands of Federal 205, 210 and 215 primers for many years without much change lot to lot.
I have even tested federal 205 vs. 205M, 210 vs. 210M, and 215 vs. 215M in various rifles. I stopped testing match primers against non-match primers of the same size and brand because it doesnt seem to make much difference there either. I think if a person ever saw a dramatic change in accuracy from lot to lot, then there would be something that seriously went wrong at the factory during production.

Due to the effects n accuracy I've witnessed in the past, the fact can't be ignored that there is a good chance for a very significant difference in accuracy. And my past experiences came to light again with 2 out of the 3 powders tested today. But who knows, maybe as charge weights are increased, the powder may swap to liking the other primer better. Every rifle is different so I'll just have to see.

And none of the targets above really mean anything until I stretch the rifle out to at least 500 yards for proper testing. I've seen great 100 yard screamer groups turn to trash at long range and I've seen good 1/2 to 3/4 MOA groups hold that accuracy non-stop all the way out to 1K.
 
What I was referring to was a simple scientific approach. Testing all variables to find the best combination. To immediately switch one component and fall into a sweet load is awsome. I would never say it was just luck because long time loaders have experience to guide their choices. In a well built rifle there are likely a lot of loads that will work well. If your going for best load then finishing the process and completing the seating depth test along with charge range verification would still be required. A systematic approach will lead to success more times, than random guesses but one always has to start somewhere. Happy you found one that you like so easily...
 
What I was referring to was a simple scientific approach. Testing all variables to find the best combination. To immediately switch one component and fall into a sweet load is awsome. I would never say it was just luck because long time loaders have experience to guide their choices. In a well built rifle there are likely a lot of loads that will work well. If your going for best load then finishing the process and completing the seating depth test along with charge range verification would still be required. A systematic approach will lead to success more times, than random guesses but one always has to start somewhere. Happy you found one that you like so easily...

If you had read my previous posts, you would know that I am nowhere near done with testing. Long range shooting, different charge weights, and seating depth adjustments are all still in the cards for this rifle.

Granted there is perhaps a little luck involved when sub 1/4" group shows up right away, especially for a hunting rifle that I'm shooting from the ground off a bipod. But by NO means were any of my choices in the powder/primer/bullet selection, seating depth, neck tension, or amount of neck turning a "random guess".
 
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