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Sudden pressure problems

Keith Glasscock

Gold $$ Contributor
I developed a problem during a match today. I have never seen one like this, so I'm looking for ideas as to what to check next.

The barrel is a Krieger in 308 Win chambered with a custom reamer. It shoots the 200 grain hybrid quite well. I have ~1300 rounds through the barrel total, and it was cleaned last Thursday including a quick (light) scrub of Jb bore paste (I do this every 200-300 rounds) and a full treatment of copper cleaner and powder solvent (the Jb was actually done between powder and copper solvents). This is my normal cleaning regimen and it gets the barrel clean. On Friday, I fired 6 fouler rounds.

The barrel was off ~200 rounds ago for a re-crown, and my gunsmith gave the throat area and crown a borescope look and chamber cast while it was apart. At that time, I had very light fire cracking and a perfectly clean bore.

The load is one I have used for nearly the entire life of the barrel. It shoots good, solid groups at 2650 fps. I have never had any pressure signs with this load (until now), and it has fired the batch of brass in question at least 2 times prior. The powder is Varget, and even though it is supposed to be temp stable, I remove loaded rounds if they stay in the chamber more than 15 seconds. I've actually tested to see if heat-soaking caused problems or pressure with no problems encountered, but I've developed the habit of not firing rounds that have been cooking in the chamber.

Here is what happened: I was shooting a 2 day F/TR match and the rifle shot well the first day, except the vertical zero moved up ~3/4 - 1 MOA on the second relay of the day. Accuracy remained through that and the third relay without any problems or pressure signs. I even fired the third relay very fast due to conditions without any problem (and I got the barrel quite warm - a normal thing for me - in the process). Yesterday, I fired a total of 71 rounds (5 sighters+ 20, 2+20, 2+20)

This morning (I don't clean between days - never have), I got to the line and the rifle started doing its thing. The POI was still ~ 3/4 MOA higher than my normal 1k come-up despite being a little cooler outside (mid 60's this morning). After 4 sighters and ~ 9 rounds of competition, I started to notice slowly increasing bolt lift. By 15 competition rounds, the bolt lift was getting downright heavy, and the 19th and 20th rounds had gas escaping around the primer. (found that after the last shot). Looking at the cases in order of firing, the primers started out nice and round, then got flatter, then I started seeing some shininess to the case head, then shiny ejector marks, then blown primers.

I put that rifle away and borrowed a friend's rifle (what a great friend Bill is!) to shoot my last relay. Now that I'm home, I've been working to find the cause of the problem. Even though I loaded all of the rounds in question in one session, I disassembled some to check charges. They all were within one granule of each other and weighed exactly what they should have. I whipped out the scale check weights, and, the scale is the same as it should be. I checked the seating depth - dead on. I checked the loaded round neck diameter - .0025 to .003 less than the chamber neck. I pulled the barrel and gave it a look - looks good fromt eh chamber end. I ran a single patch of carbon cleaner - smooth, but obviously a bit dirty. I then ran a chamber cast - dimensions are right on (neck diameter and length, freebore diameter and length), BTW, nothing came out with the cast (no carbon or anything).

Now, I'm thinking of imposing on another friend to get it borescoped. My thought is a carbon ring somewhere in that barrel. If that isn't it, what have I missed?

Forgot: All of the ammo for both days were loaded at the same time, all the powder came out of the same 8# jug, all the bullets are the same lot, and were sorted by weight and base-ogive, and all of the primers were from sequential slips of Tula large rifle primers from a single 1k box. The brass was weight sorted and fully tortured including machine annealing every use. All of the cases fired yesterday and today were from the same weight group (0.5 grains) and had performed well together in previous uses. All of these components have been used by me for several hundred rounds without any lot changes, etc..

Thanks in advance,
Keith
 
My 300 wsm did this one time >:( almost the exact same thing. I cleaned the throat really good as well as the rest of it. Never did it again. Im very intrested to hear other peoples thoughts as well as I never did figure it out.
 
I had something very similar happen at the Wyoming F-Class Championships this summer. My 6.5X284 was shooting good but same as you I was shooting a little higher than normal. The bolt started to lift a little harder. At shot 14 my bullet never made it to the target - 15 was a 10 - 16 didn't make it - 17 didn't make it 18 was an X - 19 didn't make it and 20 was a 9. The guys in the pits said they were seeing pieces of bullet hitting high on the hill on the bullets that blew up. It was very hot and the ammo was in the sun. I have shot the same load for two years with the same keg of powder and the same primers. I cleaned the barrel very good that night and shot the next day with a different bullet but same load and everything went well. I suspect the problem was a carbon build up in combination with the heat - never found out for sure.
 
Busdriver,

In reading your post, you mention a light carbon cleaning every 200-300 rds and also using a carb cleaner for one patch..

Just my thoughts; but I would try a heavy carbon brushing session with jb or isosso.. You may not be getting all the carbon build up out? Just a thought.

Rod
 
With that fairly tight neck you might want to clean after first day. It seems like everyone in highpower and f class is trying to push benchrest tolerances, which is good to a point. Ive always been scared of running anything with less than .0035 neck clearance in a barrel that's going to have 100 or more rounds down before cleaning. I now alot of guys will laugh at me for making that statement. On hot days laying in the sun when things really get hot it can be trouble. Ive seen two barrels with low round counts eat bullets SMKs (tough bullets) From carbon build up in the throat, lead area. All had long barrels shooting slow powders with mild firecracking (holds on to carbon). Good cleaning with iosso and good rod guide fixed it.
 
Food for thought!

If a shooter/reloader is operating at the upper edge of the envelope of pressure limits.....things can go askew! Not saying this is/was your problem...just saying! I have never found the best accuracy with any rifle to be at the upper limits of pressure in over 60 years of reloading and any time this scenario occurs and there isn't any 'cush' remaining....the 'cheese' can become really binding....QUICKLY! I've made the mistake of loading ammo that would work in cool weather nicely....but when the temps hit 90F to 104F....the SHTF!! And I NEVER leave my ammo out to 'cook' in the sun! Between that....and a extremely hot tube....things happen! :( :(
 
Nodak7mm said:
Busdriver,

In reading your post, you mention a light carbon cleaning every 200-300 rds and also using a carb cleaner for one patch..

Just my thoughts; but I would try a heavy carbon brushing session with jb or isosso.. You may not be getting all the carbon build up out? Just a thought.

Rod

Sorry Rod, I just re-read my post, and it isn't real good...

I fully clean the barrel with powder solvent and copper solvent every ~100 rounds. I only use JB bore paste every 2nd or 3rd cleaning. When I do, I use 1 patch of JB and scrub the throat for 20-30 strokes and the full length ~15-20. When I only use 1 patch of JB, I call it a light scrubbing. If I know I have a carbon problem (rough throat) I go after it with multiple patches and a lot of focused scrubbing.

To answer your question: after today, I'm not sure. Something certainly went terribly wrong.
 
I think several people have pointed out the danger of leaving the ammo out to get warm. It is a problem, but in this case, the ammo was actually quite cool to the touch. I've actually shot this exact load in 100+ temps with a barrel that could fry an egg without problems in the past (not that it couldn't be the problem, just that I haven't seen it before with this load and barrel).

I think Mulhern has a great point - running right at max is quite dangerous. I wont shoot a load in competition that I can't run another 1% of powder without pressure signs. I learned that lesson long ago. In this case, I've actually tested up a ways in 90+ degree temps to make sure I wasn't teetering on the edge. I personally cannot afford to throw cases away, so I work very hard at keeping them intact. With winchester brass, I'm getting 10+ loadings out of the cases - I can't imagine that they would last that well if I was running them that hard. Am I thinking about this wrong?

Once again, thanks to everyone for your input. I'll report back after I get a borescope into the barrel.
 
From your description it seems that the pressure signs developed gradually as you shot.
Not leaving your ammo in the sun is certainly to be advised but as your rifle heats up from shooting, you also have to be concerned about the ammo heating up in the chamber. The closer the tolerances the more quickly heat transfers to the brass.
In my experience, with neck sizing only and moderate loads, after around 10 shots, the POI will change if I let the round sit too long in the chamber before firing. I will also get flattened primers when this happens.
 
Keith

"The brass was weight sorted and fully tortured including machine annealing every use. All of the cases fired yesterday and today were from the same weight group (0.5 grains) and had performed well together in previous uses."

It's obvious that you're paying attention and giving great detail to your reloading procedures but oft times just one little thing that can be over-looked can cause extensive problems. From my many years of working with and shooting Black Powder Cartridge Rifles and using blackpowder it became highly observable to me that one thing that cannot be over-looked in BPCR, as well as shooting smokeless powder is paying extensive attention to CASE LENGTH!! At the end of the chamber where the 'leade' begins there is a 45 degree angle and if the brass is just a tat overly long, the mouth of the case will get 'pinched inward' and THAT will increase pressure to a great degree! Ask me how I know!! :( >:(
 
I may have the same problem. Is there a way to tell if
you have a carbon ring build up without a borescope? I never used
jb paste yet after about 800 rds, just Butches, bronze brush & Kroil.
 
RMulhern said:
Keith

"The brass was weight sorted and fully tortured including machine annealing every use. All of the cases fired yesterday and today were from the same weight group (0.5 grains) and had performed well together in previous uses."

It's obvious that you're paying attention and giving great detail to your reloading procedures but oft times just one little thing that can be over-looked can cause extensive problems. From my many years of working with and shooting Black Powder Cartridge Rifles and using blackpowder it became highly observable to me that one thing that cannot be over-looked in BPCR, as well as shooting smokeless powder is paying extensive attention to CASE LENGTH!! At the end of the chamber where the 'leade' begins there is a 45 degree angle and if the brass is just a tat overly long, the mouth of the case will get 'pinched inward' and THAT will increase pressure to a great degree! Ask me how I know!! :( >:(

Great point. I just rechecked that dimension, and the cases are all exactly 2.008" long I then checked the over-pressure cases and they measured 2.008 - 2.009. I also measured some of the normal cases - same. My chamber cast shows a neck length that allows a case length up to 2.025, and standard Saami max case length is 2.015. I'm glad it wasn't that... I'd feel really silly to have only trimmed some of the cases...
 
gambleone said:
I may have the same problem. Is there a way to tell if
you have a carbon ring build up without a borescope? I never used
jb paste yet after about 800 rds, just Butches, bronze brush & Kroil.

Greg, to be honest, I don't know. I have felt carbon buildup in the throat before while running brushes back and forth, but there are areas of the throat and neck that could build a ring and you would not likely feel them while cleaning.
 
Quick update:

Another friend of mine, Bill (not the same Bill, but a darn good friend also), borescoped the barrel for me. Sure enough, I have a pretty ugly looking carbon ring right in the taper from the case neck to the freebore. I also saw a little in the amongst the lands, but not much. I've been working on it today (using Tony Boyer's method), and when I get a few extra minutes later in the week, I'm going to impose on him again to see if I got the carbon out.

Good news is that the fire cracking really isn't too bad and the throat looks like she'll go quite a ways more. Considering the fact that this barrel is used for F-class only, and has 1300 through it, I'm glad to hear I might get another full season out of it.

Since I knew I had a ring, I decided to see if there was any way to diagnose the problem without a borescope. I took a couple of dummy rounds set for a .015 jump and found that the lands marked the bullets on just one side, and quite heavily (this was done with the barrel off the receiver). From where I stand, there is no way to tell if a problem is carbon or not without the borescope. On the other hand, I have good idea what eh mechanism is that causes the high pressures.

Thanks to everyone for their input. With this experience, I'm going to do a couple of things different. First, I'm going to scrub the area where the ring is every cleaning, and I'm going to take a full cleaning kit to matches whenever it's possible. Had I had my cleaning stuff, I could have shot my rifle in the last relay.
 

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