Who’s brass is being use for the test - tight chambers push pressure up even more don’t they.
I still don't see how a even test can be made. tight chamber, tight neck, loose or tight neck tension, different bearing surface length on bullets, bullets jammed or jumped, annealed or old brass , groove diameter of barrel all will reflect in pressure....
H.P White is one of the few companies that does proof testing in the US. I've talked with them at length, but it's been a long time ago now. As I recall, they tested at way beyond 25% over. I think they use their own receivers specifically for this purpose and special proof barrels with copper slugs that are used in establishing CUP, or copper units of pressure. The barrels have a hole in the chamber area that the piece of copper fits into. The amount of crush that the copper shows after firing is the measure by which the pressure is measured. That's the gist of how it works anyway. I may be off on some of the details but you get the idea. I guess one could google something like cup pressure testing for more detail on the procedure.
Every firearm in the UK is subjected to this as a point of legality, be it Remington, tikka, sako etc or any one off build you do, irrespective of cartridge size.
So if the cartridge recommended pressure is 65k psi, they will throw a charge in the region of 82k psi. Also, AFAIK (though I may be wrong), they lube the case to exert the effort to the bolt.
As you can imagine, a few bolts or rifles have been damaged in the many years of the process.
The thing is though, it's better to have this done in a safe controlled environment, than it hurt someone in the field, hence the test.
It's just not ideal for alloy actions to have such exertions subjected on it, hence the post.