Main reason for rethreading would be out of alignment. The threads hold the barrel against the face of the action. Unless they are at a skew angle, or badly off center, they don't need to be changed. 9/10 machinists make threads too tight. Barrel threads should be relatively loose so the barrel can settle against the action.
I do run a 1 1/16-16 tap into them to clean out any burrs.
There's nothing to be gained from a tight thread fit in barrel work but there is the risk of too tight a fit causing problems..so it's a no brainer..A little loose is better than a little tight. A true machinist should thread to the proper thread class fit. There is very often about .004" acceptable tolerance even within a class! A class 2 is generally safe but plug gages are great to identify the class of thread you should thread to. It can be tough to accurately measure pitch diameters of the "B" part(femele). Making a thread too tight does not make anyone a better smith. Just the opposite really, as it shows that said smith doesn't truly understand thread classes and proper clearances. Another example is thread crests. There's virtually no practical use for a male thread that is left at a sharp vee. Look it up in Machineries Handbook. The crest should have a flat on top equal to 1/8th of the pitch,
wide. A burr here, or it causing interference with the female major diameter will ruin your day, especially in a very fine and/or tight fitting thread. The top of the thread(hopefully) does nothing, by design.
Notice I saide wide and not tall. On a 32 pitch thread the flat should be 1/8th of 32..so .004 wide but on a 60° thread, that works out to be about .005-.006 in height. So, a proper finished major od for a basic 7/8 major 32tpi thread should be .869-.870.
I ran into this when I made the change to .875-32 on my tuners. A very few really reputable smiths tore the o-ring up trying to put the tuner on. The reason is that I spec'd the o-ring groove just deep enough for the o-ring to pass over a "properly" cut 7/8-32 thread, which has a finished major of .869-.870. There is a distinct difference in basic vs finished major diameters.
I don't really fault someone that ran into this. There are some very good self taught smiths that do this. Mostly, they were just taking pride in a nice, pretty thread, that they didn't have to machine the tops down on. I get that and can relate but pride of workmanship doesn't equate to proper workmanship, in this instance.
I simply clarified the need for the flat or finished major to be .869-.870 on the print and it seems to have stopped the issue. Sometimes it's the little things that can matter but a thread crest should have clearance and there is a spec for it.