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SEAT DEPTH ???

Bill Norris

Not a democrat
Gold $$ Contributor
Was thinking about seat depth and pondering over the affects of it as a whole. Without getting too scientific if possible, should we look beyond the fact that it has an affect on exit timing which will affect the load tune. Is this dependent on time of travel down the bore or the amount of bullet (length) actually held by the case neck (neck tension) or both ? How about case capacity and pressure relations ? Are we also tuning these parameters as a side affect and are those more a part of the total tune than most of us think about ? Or maybe not thinking about it ? Looking forward to your thoughts.
 
I qualify for one thing, I'm probably the least scientific person on the forum, I do think every thing we do, neck tension, seating depth, powder charge, bullet weight and so on has an effect on our shooting. Change one thing and everything changes, can you get back to "the point" of perfection (if that is where you started)? Well, depends. We then start changing other things, say you changed the seating depth, you've changed the total overall length, pressure (one way or the other (more or less)). These are the thoughts of a life time student, didn't know much when I started this journey in 2019 and may know less now!
 
Was thinking about seat depth and pondering over the affects of it as a whole. Without getting too scientific if possible, should we look beyond the fact that it has an affect on exit timing which will affect the load tune. Is this dependent on time of travel down the bore or the amount of bullet (length) actually held by the case neck (neck tension) or both ? How about case capacity and pressure relations ? Are we also tuning these parameters as a side affect and are those more a part of the total tune than most of us think about ? Or maybe not thinking about it ? Looking forward to your thoughts.
I've thought about seating depth as a function of barrel timing... but I hear about the same bullets liking .02 jump whether its 18" or 30" barrel.
 
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Was thinking about seat depth and pondering over the affects of it as a whole. Without getting too scientific if possible, should we look beyond the fact that it has an affect on exit timing which will affect the load tune. Is this dependent on time of travel down the bore or the amount of bullet (length) actually held by the case neck (neck tension) or both ? How about case capacity and pressure relations ? Are we also tuning these parameters as a side affect and are those more a part of the total tune than most of us think about ? Or maybe not thinking about it ? Looking forward to your thoughts.
You mentioned about 5 variables. They probably all interreact? My meaningless opinion is to try different things and see what works on the target without knowing all the scientific things going on. . I don't think anyone understands what's going on as far as many variables all acting at the same time and affecting each other. Just look at the target. With so many competitors capable of shooting in the low 1's I would do what they do depending what you need for what you use the rifle for. Most of the guys on this website don't have a $6000 rifle with a $3500 scope and a $1200 SEB.
 
My opinion on the subject for what it’s worth…. Seating depth IS about exit timing and harmonic effect of that timing. Thats why most guys adjust seating depth when they don’t have tuners as an option. Some pressure change is due to seating depth relationship to the bullet touching lands before exiting the case results in small velocity changes.
 
From my experience, and my focus on Optimum Bullet Time (OBT), seating depth can be a critical factor, possibly a more critical factor than jump.

I measure everything so I have records of every load I have ever loaded and have analyzed them to see what jump creates the most accurate loads for my rifles.
Unfortunately, chamber erosion forces the seating depth settings to follow the eroded chamber and also impacts the amount of bullet body that is in the cartridge neck. Eventually, if you shoot a lot of rounds, you have to load out far enough that the amount of bullet body in the neck is so minimal that it effects accuracy because the benefit of neck tension becomes erratic.

Sadly, I have also found that my 'shooter induced variations' often biases my results and makes it hard to find answers with small samples.

I have also analyzed optimum bullet times to so see if that impacts accuracy. Fortunately, you can maintain the same OBT without severe changes in seating depth by slightly adjusting powder loads,

My results indicate that my most accurate loads are on or within a few microseconds of OBT for each barrel.
OBT is dependent on the barrel length and type of steel. Barrel length has to be measured. You would be surprised how many times the published barrel length is off by more than 1/4 of an inch. That will change OBT more than you would think.

The impact of seating depth on jump seems to be more within 0.030 or so rather than 0.002 or 0.005, if you use enough groups to get a statistically valid sample (20 or more).

Of course, if we only are making all our accuracy decisions on the basis of one good group, we are fooling ourselves.
We can just as easily pull a round into a group to make it remarkable as pulling it out of a group to make it something to forget.
 
Is this dependent on time of travel down the bore or the amount of bullet (length) actually held by the case neck (neck tension) or both ? How about case capacity and pressure relations ? Are we also tuning these parameters as a side affect and are those more a part of the total tune than most of us think about ?
Seating testing is not tuning at all. It's a bad idea to try using seating for tuning.
After all, the internal ballistic affect of seating can be made up for with powder (to the kernel) or bullet grip (to the .001"neck sizing length).

Optimal seating is about bullet bore interface. Smoothest transition.
Seating testing should be prerequisite to tuning, as it also affects your tune.
But the truth is: you can identify optimum seating regardless of any tune, and you can reach any tune regardless of seating. They're independent and totally different.

You can have a fantastic tune, powder tune, barrel tune,, but if you're not also at least near an optimum seating, you're likely not shooting your best.
 
When I first got on this forum there was someone who shot a whole row of targets with one charge of powder and each bullseye would be a different seating depth, next row a increase of powder charge with same seating depth changes, then more of the same powder increases and so on down the line. This seemed to tell a lot where the barrel wanted to shoot.
 
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Just did a seating depth test today. Couldn't tell a nickle's worth of difference.

Won't be wasting my time on THAT again.

It sounded plausible. Didn't work out that way.
ya- i shoot a 6bra set up for BR - (not competitive). it doesnt seem to matter much what tests i do it shoots just as accurate in most groups. dont know if i can improve it or not. i i think its the Indian
 
I have had the same experiences as CF Junkie, once I have established my seating depth then it's all about the charge weight, I know a load is not good in my rifle when I can feel the barrel harmonics vibrating on my cheek! and it shows on paper, I don't load on the lands or jam bullets into the lands, it scares me!!!
 
Was thinking about seat depth and pondering over the affects of it as a whole. Without getting too scientific if possible, should we look beyond the fact that it has an affect on exit timing which will affect the load tune. Is this dependent on time of travel down the bore or the amount of bullet (length) actually held by the case neck (neck tension) or both ? How about case capacity and pressure relations ? Are we also tuning these parameters as a side affect and are those more a part of the total tune than most of us think about ? Or maybe not thinking about it ? Looking forward to your thoughts.
Your contemplations are valid
especially in relation to depth affecting the volume of the container
but in just about every rifle I have loaded for
I have noticed, those other things you mentioned, are such a small fraction of the influence seating depth has on exit timing itself, that they are irrelevent.
If we can see that a Tuner changes the barrel in its position with relation to when the bullet exits
How can we not also arrive at the conclusion that when the bullet exits is also just as important?
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If we for instance, suddenly seat .040" deeper, then that it a different story, and may require a charge change of a few tenths to compensate
I am more speaking of changes in a few thousandths to perhaps .020"
the rest being irrelevent
I say this because quite a few of my rifles, once I find the middle of the window, have been so forgiving I can seat +/- .010 of the middle of the window and have it shoot the same
tested on paper out to 600 yds mostly.
I keep a lot of my good groups, and throw away a LOT of test groups, even though they are valid repeats of the good groups otherwise I could provide them as evidence if say .030" difference in seating deth and have it still shoot just as accurate.
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this could also be in my case, that I dont chase high velocity
I only go for accuracy which may even mean 200 fps slower than is possible with a particular cartridge
I will accept 200 fps slower when the load, seating depth is so forgiving...
it shoots the same always, every month, at every temp
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When i chase near the peak of velocity, it is not so forgiving and so much more fine tuning is required.
For my ELR rifles which are already fast to begin with, 200 fps slower isnt really slow by comparison to other cartridges though which is why I accept this.
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with my 100 yd rifles, I think you may be on to something here, and this to me is because the case capacity is smaller and therefore any very slight or small change to seat depth or charge weight is actually significant by comparison to larger cartridges such as 22-250 and above.
Meaning, lets say we change seat depth by .010" in something like a 22 BR...
...this may mean we have to now adjust charge weight a few tenths also.
However, - once I find a seating depth that is best for that rifle (base to Ogive or CBTO)
that measurement to the Ogive, stays the same for any bullet used.
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It could also be, the time taken for the bullet to slam into the rifling and begin to establish harmonics of the barrel, is the important factor, more so than the base of the bullet leaving the barrel.
Which we would be adjusting the starting time of barrel harmonics vibrating.
I'm thinking this theory has more validity since we measure and adjust based on Ogive (Front) of bullet
vs the base, or when the bullet actually exits the bore.
---
I only adjust the charge weight after seat depth has been found, and charge to fine tune it in.
Like if I switch from a 50gr, to a 52 gr, to a 55 gr
I may adjust charge a little bit, but seating depth stays constant.
 
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I shoot the same seating depth in all of my 30BR barrels. Change it any appreciable amount and the Rifle goes from shooting at a sub .200 level to .300.
might I ask, if your barrels are all of:
similar contour,
similar length
all cut with the same reamer, same freebore, same leade angle?
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All my 22 BR's while "very close" to each other in seating depth
still require a slightly different seating depth even though all chambers are pretty much the same
yet all barrels are different length, and different profile from each other
---
All charges are pretty much the same in those but different seat depth
I do believe it can go the other way around though and still tune
To be able to use same Seat depth but each require a different charge for best accuracy.
---
Maybe its 6 of one / half a dozen of the other possible here?
For myself, finding seat depth first makes the tuning process go quicker from there on out.
As well as being able to switch powders or bullet, and only adjust charge
 
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