For testing I use a spreadsheet for keeping track of how each load groups, data including powder and charge, and bullet info, which primer was tested, velocity and SD, seating depth, speed achieved, and notes.
In addition, I mark my targets with date, temp, wind, specifics which might affect results.
And when I am actively loading some tests, I keep a spiral notebook, with tabs for each rifle/load I'm working on. I write what I'm loading: like what brass and how many time shot, and which primer, seating depth, bullet used, powder and charge. And I specify what kind of a test I'm doing - like a seating depth test, or ladder test, trying different primers, or trying same load with different bullets, etc.