The Juenke machine was/is essentially a micro balance checking device, like the machine used to spin up your car's wheels to establish how much and where balance weights need to be added, it just uses a different approach - it measures how far off center or if the jacket is centered around the bullet core (it will only work on copper jacketed lead core bullets as far as I know - it needs the copper/lead interface to key off). A dial indicator type comparator measures variations in the outside surface of the jacket. The Juenke machine measures variations in the jacket at the internal core/jacket boundary using an ultrasonic sensor - any variation indicates that the core is not centered in the jacket, which will raise hobb with the flight of a spinning bullet - if you find a bullet with a large variation and section it, you will find that while the core and jacket will (probably) be properly bonded, the jacket will be noticeably thicker on one side of the core than the other, creating a significant imbalance in flight. The way ultrasound is used in this device does not allow detection of another type of problem that will cause imbalance in flight, a void or bubble in the lead core. It is possible to detect such voids, but the ultrasonic machine that does so is totally different in concept and use and not generally found outside of the inspection departments of large industrial facilities - it's a pricey little devil capable of detecting voids or measuring wall thickness in metallic assemblies, depending on how it's calibrated for the specific job.
Hope the above helps a little.
Mike
Mike has it figured out, the Junke will tell you #1 if the core is seated all the way, it measures if it is compacted 100 %. I use it to check if the cores are seated as i build a bullet it will read center scale if done right. When you point the projo it should read up to 10 points higher on core seating value this insures all bullets are the same. Then you rotate the bullet to see if jacket is good not thick or thin, it should read less than 1 devation unit on the fine scale if so you have a perfect bullet, if it reads up to 5 DU you still have a real good bullet less is a Jewel. To check existing bullets you first check core seating put same #'s in a pile you will have 3 or 4 then roll them for GC take best ones for match rest load work up & fowlers. Hope this helps