FWIW,
As JDS said I dunno how much difference RH would make if the caps are tight.
I personally run a dehumidifier and A/C in my reloading/vault room. My dehumidifier can make for an overly dry environment even on "low". To the point of being unpleasant to work in for long periods without the A/C on high(which of course works wonders on scales as you might imagine). That said I have one vault in my reloading room and I tend to tailor the RH to the walnut stocks on several bespoke rifles & shotguns kept within. Wood, very expensive wood, worries me more than the chance opening of a bottle/jug of powder. A full on bespoke stock starts in the $7K range, and goes way up, to say nothing of providing the english walnut blank which can run another $2K. In short I try not to go any drier than 55% RH.
I store my rifle powder in a dark room with A/C an unit run by a humidistat and an automatic external drain. Primers are in the same room but separated. I had a few problems with static electricity, in the beginning with extremely low RH, with a powder dispenser(RCBS 2000) which was cured with a dryer sheet... FWIW.
Should have mentioned powder can get as cold as you can store it. It's heat, from everyone I have talked to, that destroys powder.
Regards, Matt.
Btw, brief funny story. When I was finishing the reloading room, some twenty years ago, I had the trim(Crown Moulding, chair rail, etc) installed BEFORE I had the dehumidifier situation worked out. In short I'm fairly picky, however, I was with all of the hand coped joints. Finally found my (still running strong) dehumidifier, put it on medium(idiot knob) and let it "dry" the room out. Returned a few days later to find the crown moulding had shrunk and developed cracks in each corner, where they were coped and tightly fitted, with a new GAP big enough to stick a cigarette butt in. I was not a happy camper in retrospect, however, it was my fault. Had an excellent painter fill in the new gaps and paint over them. That experience gives me pause every single time I put a good stock in the safe. That said 55-65% relative humidity seems to be a happy medium. Again FWIW.