Sean,
You're probably aware that BATF regulations are subject to interpretation by their local offices so enforcement is subject to change according to the whims of the local agent-in-charge. So what holds true in Montgomery Co., for example, might not be acceptable across the Bay in Wicomico Co. I regularly shoot with a Class III and Class II manufacturers licence holder,a good friend) who has gone through this quite a few times. As far as BATF interpretations are concerned the only way to be safe is to request a confirmation letter from their hdq. in DC. We've done this in the past, much to the chagrin of their local agent who was then forced to alter his perspective on decisions he previously made. Can't offer any comments on how the MD State Cops handle their own can of worms however.
Anyway, getting to your question on the chambers -
A SAAMI .223 chamber can be considered to be,sometimes) dangerous if true GI-spec 5.56 ammo is used. Tighter throat dimensions can cause excessive pressures when shooting GI-spec 5.56 ammo in a SAAMI chamber, although many shooters get away with it all of the time. SAAMI strongly recommends that only .223 ammo should be fired in a SAAMI-spec chamber. If you try to load one of the long heavy bullets in a SAAMI chamber it'll probably have to be seated so deeply that it intrudes into the powder space of the cartridge case.
A 5.56,M16 spec) chamber will allow you to shoot any ammo, but they're so long throated with an overly large freebore that you'll never be able to get close to the lands with many,or most?) bullets, especially when loaded to magazine length. It's a great chamber for shooters who burn up a lot of surplus ammo but also use .223 SAAMI ammo on occasion.
The Wylde chamber was developed by Bill Wylde, a noted AR builder, to overcome these problems. Bill's design narrows the freebore and has a leade angle that alows the 80 gr. SMK to touch the lands at a 2.465" OAL for single round feeding, yet still maintain excellent accuracy with a 69 gr. SMK loaded to an OAL of 2.260" for magazine feeding.
Hardly any of the big AR manufacturers use the .223 SAAMI chamber any more. Their standard offerings are normally stamped 5.56 and use the GI-spec chamber, while most of them are using the Wylde chamber,or a variation) for their varmint and other accuracy models, even if they're stamped .223!. Of course, many true custom AR 'smiths have their reamers cut to their own specific design and if you're getting into that you're best off discussing chamber specs directly with them. I highly recommend the Wylde chamber unless you're going for a full blown custom made for a specific purpose and a specific bullet style.